Program BR22885831 – Development of an integrated system for managing the genetic resources of beekeeping and technologies for the effective use of bees in pollination and the production of organic products

Program title: BR22885831 "Development of an integrated system for managing the genetic resources of beekeeping and technologies for the effective use of bees in pollination and the production of organic products"

Type of funding: Program-Targeted Funding (PTF) of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Applicant: "Kazakh Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production" LLP

Scientific supervisor: U.A. Nuralieva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

Implementation period: 2024–2026

Relevance

In recent times, improving the efficiency of beekeeping development in Kazakhstan is linked to the growing importance of its products for the nutrition and treatment of the population, for ensuring the country's food security, and for improving the supply of raw materials to numerous industrial sectors.

In recent years, measures to conserve local bee populations have been largely neglected in Kazakhstan; instead, the main focus has been on introducing "improved," exotic breeds and importing "bee packages" from Central Asian countries. The seemingly evident economic benefit of imported bees turned into the loss of Kazakhstan's historically established bee subspecies and a decline in their genetic potential, winter hardiness, and disease resistance. The conservation of genetic resources, the planting of cover crops, the integration of animal husbandry and crop production, and obtaining benefits from synergy between sectors — these and other tasks were reflected in the decree of the President of Kazakhstan, Kassym-Jomart Kemelevich Tokayev.

Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) as a species stand at the intersection of crop production and animal husbandry, while their ecological mission lies in pollinating 200,000 species of entomophilous plants, whose reproduction in agrobiocenoses is impossible without the participation of pollinators. With the increasing share of intensive agriculture and the growing demand for bees from agricultural producers, the need has arisen to create a scientifically grounded system of interaction between beekeepers and crop growers. Within the project, the solution to this task is assigned to leading scientific centers of agrarian science in different natural-climatic zones. The creation of seven large ecosystems for the production and processing of meat, fruit, vegetables, sugar, grains, oil crops, and dairy products — reflected in the Address of the President of Kazakhstan — is impossible without taking into account the pollination activity of bees.

Today in Kazakhstan, priority is given to producing competitive, environmentally friendly, and export-oriented products that comply with advanced international standards. To address the task of improving the production efficiency and quality of beekeeping products on the basis of an organic standard, provision is made for developing a traceability technology for beekeeping production at apiaries and for monitoring beekeeping products in different natural-climatic zones for the presence of contaminants using modern digital technologies.

Objective

To develop a system for managing the gene pool, conservation, reproduction, and rational use of bees in the agrobiocenoses of Kazakhstan, together with standards for the production of organic beekeeping products.

Expected and achieved results for 2024

Data will be collected on the placement of bee colonies in different regions of Kazakhstan and on apiary migration sites; the priority entomophilous crops for different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan and the procedure for applying plant-protection products will be studied;

The architecture, structure, and functionality of system programs in beekeeping will be studied using the example of the BeeBreed program, along with software solutions and the possibilities of integrating databases of different systems; a review of promising directions for developing the ApisLab system and integrating domestic and foreign databases into the system's operation will be prepared.

A seminar will be held with the participation of foreign experts, base farms, and beekeepers' public organizations on the methodology for assessing the breeding value of queen bees by offspring quality using the BLUP AM methodology, illustrated by the BeeBreed program. 1 PhD doctoral student and 3 master's students will be involved.

On the task "Development of new selection-genetic technologies for the rational management and reproduction of bees' pedigree resources":

The experience of domestic and foreign scientists in the genomic analysis of local populations and zoned bee breeds will be studied; a literature review will be prepared on the genetic structure of the bees Apis mellifera mellifera L., Apis mellifera carnica Rut., Apis mellifera carpathica Avet., Apis mellifera caucasica Gorb.

A genomic analysis of zoned breeds and local populations will be carried out (at least 200 samples); a bioinformatic analysis of the studied samples will be prepared.

A patent application "Information program for determining the breeding suitability of queen bees based on wing morphometric data" will be prepared; a patent application will be filed for the development of a program for determining the breeding suitability of queens from the wing morphometric data of worker bees.

Studies (expeditions, surveys (questionnaires), literature sources, etc.) will be conducted of local populations preserved in "purity" in different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan; a survey (questionnaire) of beekeeping farms will be conducted, a historical review of the import of purebred queens of zoned breeds will be prepared, and expeditions will be made to remote apiaries in the Turkestan, Zhambyl, Almaty, and East Kazakhstan regions and the Abai and Zhetysu regions.

Studies of bee colonies will be conducted based on wing morphometric analysis (at least 200 samples); a literature review will be prepared on the methods of conducting line selection in beekeeping.

Bee colonies of local populations and zoned breeds will be selected for use as starting material; the breeding value of queen bees will be assessed by offspring quality or genetic certification (at least 120 queen bees).

Experimental groups of 10 colonies per group (at least 12 farms) will be formed in different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan; a stock of pedigree farms for local populations and zoned breeds will be formed at the base farms.

A bonitation (grading) of the bee colonies of the initial population will be conducted according to a set of biological, morphological, and economically useful traits in accordance with the instructions (at least 120 bee colonies).

Methods for collecting and storing drone sperm at different temperatures for use in the instrumental insemination of queens will be studied; a literature review will be prepared on the methods of collection, storage conditions, and use of drone sperm in instrumental insemination.

A material and technical base for the collection, storage, and instrumental insemination of queen bees will be prepared; a mobile laboratory for the selection and storage of drone sperm and the instrumental insemination of queen bees with drone sperm will be equipped.

Instrumental insemination of queen bees will be carried out with freshly collected drone sperm and with sperm that has undergone storage (at least 50 queen bees will be inseminated).

Schemes of multifactorial experiments (2- and 3-factor) will be developed for organizing the pollination of seed-production sowings of entomophilous crops with the involvement of local bee breeds in the natural-climatic zones of the Akmola, West Kazakhstan, Kostanay, East Kazakhstan, and Almaty regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in open and protected (greenhouse) conditions.

Requirements for the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of bee colonies will be worked out; the number required to set up the experiment will be calculated.

Experiments will be conducted using generally accepted setup methods (installation of apiaries, fixing of isolated and non-isolated plots).

Sowings will be established of crops that are priorities in specific zones and cultivated for seed purposes: oil flax in the Akmola region; safflower and sunflower in the West Kazakhstan region; sainfoin and phacelia in the Kostanay region; sunflower and rapeseed in the East Kazakhstan region; and (protected ground) in the Almaty region; field experiment methodologies will be prepared.

Phenological and biometric records and observations will be made, statistical processing of the obtained experimental data will be carried out; a preliminary economic assessment of the distinguished experimental variants will be given.

A comparative analysis of the requirements for methods and technologies in organic beekeeping in Kazakhstan and in countries importing organic products (China, Russia, the EU) will be conducted.

Beekeeping farms will be assessed for compliance with the requirements of the organic standard.

A material and technical component for honey research will be prepared; equipment will be installed and a methodology for conducting honey analyses by the main quality and safety indicators for organic products will be worked out.

Honey samples will be collected from base farms (at least 50 samples) and studies will be conducted in accordance with the State Standard (GOST).

An interim report for 2024 will be submitted in accordance with GOST 7.32-2017.

Research results obtained for 2024:

Data were collected on the placement of bee colonies in different regions of Kazakhstan: East Kazakhstan and Abai regions — 114,533 bee colonies, or 52.45% of the total; Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, and Turkestan — 61,292 bee colonies, which is 28.06%; Zhetysu and Almaty — 24,176, or 11.07%; North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, and Kostanay regions — 6.72%; West Kazakhstan and Aktobe regions — 1.38% of bee colonies. The main migration sites of beekeepers are: in early spring, the mountainous area of the Zhetysu region (Koksu, Tekeli); in June–July, the Almaty region (Kegen, Narynkol); and in August–September, the Eastern region, to sunflower and buckwheat sowings.

In the structure of sown areas in agrocenoses, entomophilous crops account for an average of about 60% across regions in the following regions: Abai — 41.3% (sunflower predominates), East Kazakhstan — 39.8% (sunflower predominates), Pavlodar — 29.6% (sunflower and buckwheat predominate), Turkestan — 21.6% (vegetables, melons and gourds, and safflower predominate).

The agronomy of cultivating entomophilous crops, when using plant-protection products, consists of class 3 hazard preparations that are practically safe for honey bees. The use of highly hazardous preparations is carried out during the vegetative phase, which reduces the risk of honey bee death.

Priority entomophilous crops in the agrocenoses of Kazakhstan were identified: tansy-leaved phacelia, sunflower, common buckwheat, safflower, and oil flax, which are good honey-bearing plants.

The architecture, structure, and functionality of system programs in beekeeping were studied using the example of the BeeBreed program — a specialized software platform developed for assessing the breeding value of queen bees using the BLUP methodology. The program allows beekeepers and breeders to collect quality data and analyze data on the productivity and behavior of bee colonies.

The Apislab system, developed in Kazakhstan, is an innovative solution combining a scientific approach with practical tools for beekeepers and scientists; using the program helps to increase the competitiveness of beekeeping products, their compliance with international standards, and their export potential.

Modern beekeeping stands on the threshold of significant transformations thanks to the introduction of advanced methods and technologies. The use of the BLUP methodology in assessing the breeding value of bees, and the development of specialized software products such as BeeBreed and Apislab, open up new opportunities for breeding and managing genetic resources.

A genomic analysis of honey bees (200 samples) from 8 regions of Kazakhstan was carried out. It was established that the genetic markers used are effective for assessing the structure of the bee genome. All STR loci used have high allelic diversity in the studied bee populations. The observed and expected heterozygosity values were assessed for each bee population in order to determine genetic variability, and a heterozygosity deficit was observed in all studied populations. Analysis of the genome structure made it possible to differentiate bees from different geographic regions of Kazakhstan.

To assess genetic diversity in the studied populations, the number of observed alleles, the effective number of alleles, and the Shannon information index were evaluated. The observed number of alleles varied from 4.22±0.49 to 12.33±1.19 in the populations of West Kazakhstan and Turkestan. The lowest number of effective alleles was observed in bees from the Zhambyl and West Kazakhstan regions (Ne=4.22±0.40 and Ne=4.22±0.49), while the highest number of effective alleles was in the Turkestan population (Ne=5.99±0.78). A total of 9 loci were used for genotyping honey bees, and our results showed that the loci A028, Ap55, B124, A113, AP043, and A088 are the most informative for the studied bee populations. The genomic analysis of the bee showed that the largest number of alleles was found at the AP43 locus.

The gene pool of Kazakhstan's honey bees is distinguished by its diversity; the following honey bee breeds were identified across the territory: A. m. carnica (65%), A. m. carpatica (24%), and from 1 to 2% A. m. mellifera, A. m. acervorum, and Buckfast bee. Based on the study of the gene pool, the locations of local populations of native bees (up to 7%), which formed under the conditions of Kazakhstan, were identified.

A patent application was filed for the "Information program for determining the breeding suitability of queen bees based on the wing morphometric data of worker bees." The WingsDig \ MorphoXL 2.0 software complex.

A stock of pedigree farms for local populations and zoned breeds was formed at base farms in 10 regions of Kazakhstan, along with selection groups of queen bees of the Carpathian, Carniolan, and Central Russian breeds at 15 base beekeeping farms in different natural-climatic zones of the Almaty, Zhetysu, Zhambyl, Turkestan, East Kazakhstan, and Abai regions, the city of Semipalatinsk, and the Kostanay, West Kazakhstan, and North Kazakhstan regions.

150 bee colonies were collected and analyzed by morphometric methods, at 10 colonies from each farm. The study showed that in Carpathian bees the percentage of positive discoidal shift is 80%, with fluctuations from 4.00±0.21 to 5.10±0.42.

In all the beekeeping farms studied, the bees show high similarity to the Carpathian breed A.m. carpatica in the steppe zone (95.700±1.472) and to the Carniolan breed A.m. carnica in the semi-desert zone (96.1±1.20).

To conserve the gene pool of honey bees and form new lines, a technology was worked out for the instrumental insemination of 50 queen bees with drone sperm, for the preservation of which larval fluid was used.

Based on the experiments conducted in various natural-climatic regions of Kazakhstan, it was established that the use of honey bees in the agrotechnology of agricultural crops increases their yield by an average of 15%.

According to the experimental data, sunflower yield in open plots is 54.6%–64.6% higher than in isolated plots; the oil content of sunflower seeds was also 5% higher in open ground compared with the result in isolated plots without access for pollinating bees.

In experiments on open plots, rapeseed yield was 31.5% higher compared with plots with limited bee access for rapeseed pollination. The oil-content indicators of rapeseed practically did not differ between open and isolated plots.

Increasing the number of bee colonies used in pollination raises yield — using sunflower as an example, by an average of 3 c/ha.

The comparative analysis of the requirements for organic honey demonstrates a high degree of compliance of Kazakhstan's organic beekeeping standards with international requirements, which will have a positive effect on the entry of honey produced in Kazakhstan onto the global market.

In terms of physicochemical and organoleptic indicators, Kazakhstan's honey samples meet GOST requirements; the honey has low moisture values, which confirms compliance with the technology of its production at Kazakhstan's apiaries, with high diastase number values (an average of 15.6±3.73 Gothe units) and reducing-sugar values of 73.2±4.33%. The color intensity of the honey varied from pale-light to light yellow, which is an indicator of the product's competitiveness on the world honey market. The diastase number of the honey samples is 15.35 (Gothe number, average value), with a range from 7.70 to 20.6 and an SD of 0.61. These values are higher than those obtained in artisanal (10.30 Gothe degrees) and commercial (12.10 Gothe degrees) honeys.

The research results can be recommended for the use of pollinators — Carnica-breed bees — for pollination when growing the sunflower variety Pioneer P63LE10 in the Eastern region of Kazakhstan.

A seminar on the topics "The BeeBreed program and BLUP AM technologies in the selection of breeding queens" was held on 24 November 2024.

2 Doctors of Sciences, 3 PhD doctors, 8 Candidates of Sciences, and 5 Masters took part in carrying out the program.

Expected and achieved results for 2025:

Task 1. Development of a system for managing the gene pool and the rational use of bees in the agrobiocenoses of Kazakhstan, taking into account the use of plant-protection products:

The architecture of a software solution for the system of managing the gene pool and the rational use of bees in the agrobiocenoses of Kazakhstan, taking into account the use of plant-protection products, will be substantiated; a "System Architecture" and "Functional Design" document with diagrams and details will be prepared.

Proposals will be developed for improving the regulatory legal acts and standards in the beekeeping industry, taking into account world practice and plant-protection products.

The functionality of the ApisLab system will be expanded with the assessment of the breeding value of queen bees by offspring quality using the BLUP AM methodology; a detailed analysis and selection of suitable tools for developing the software solution will be prepared, and the architecture, structure, and functionality will be studied.

An internship of research-group members will be conducted at a foreign scientific center on the methodology for assessing the breeding value of queen bees by offspring quality using the BLUP AM methodology, illustrated by the BeeBreed program.

Task 2. Development of new selection-genetic technologies for the rational management and reproduction of bees' pedigree resources:

Sequencing and genotyping of samples of local populations and zoned bee breeds by mtDNA and STR loci will be carried out on the SeqStudio genetic analyzer (at least 200 samples).

The genetic structure of local populations and zoned bee breeds will be determined from mtDNA and STR loci data using bioinformatic analysis (at least 200 samples).

Selection programs will be developed for local bee populations at the stationary apiaries of the Turkestan, Zhambyl, Almaty, and East Kazakhstan regions and the Abai and Zhetysu regions.

Experimental groups of local-population colonies possessing the best indicators across a number of traits, capable of consolidating into a single type, will be formed, and a target standard for lines and a breed type will be developed;

A bonitation of local-population colonies will be carried out according to a set of biological, morphological, and economically useful traits at the stationary apiaries of the Turkestan, Zhambyl, Almaty, and East Kazakhstan regions and the Abai and Zhetysu regions.

Instrumentally inseminated founder queens of lines of daughter queens (F1), granddaughter queens (F2), and subsequent generations will be obtained, with a comprehensive assessment of colonies with F1, F2, etc. queens in order to identify the fixability and heritability of the lines (at least 50 queens).

Methods for storing drone sperm under different temperature regimes will be scientifically substantiated.

Instrumental insemination of queen bees will be carried out with sperm stored at different temperatures (at least 50 queen bees).

Task 3. Development of effective technologies for the biological pollination of open-ground and protected-ground agricultural crops by bees, in different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan, with a scientifically grounded calculation of the economic components.

The use of bees in pollinating entomophilous crops and their quantitative and qualitative characteristics will be scientifically substantiated, taking into account the experience of countries with developed agriculture.

The use of biological plant-protection preparations during the flowering period of entomophilous crops will be scientifically substantiated; recommendations for crop growers on biological preparations for treating sowings of entomophilous crops cultivated for seed purposes will be prepared: oil flax in the Akmola region; safflower and sunflower in the West Kazakhstan region; sunflower and rapeseed in the East Kazakhstan region; sainfoin and phacelia in the Kostanay region; and (protected ground) in the Almaty region.

Phenological and biometric records and observations will be made, and statistical processing of the obtained experimental data on priority crops in different natural-climatic zones will be carried out.

A preliminary economic assessment of the distinguished experimental variants will be given.

2 "Field Day" seminars will be held, and 2 articles will be published in CQAES (KOKSNVO) journals.

Functionality will be prepared in the ApisLab information database for beekeepers and crop growers.

Task 4. Development of technologies for improving the production efficiency and quality of beekeeping products on the basis of an organic standard.

An algorithm will be developed for determining the natural and ecological conditions favorable for organic beekeeping, using the example of the Uyghur district of the Almaty region.

Beekeeping farms meeting the requirements of the organic standard will be selected; the necessary package of documents for an expert opinion on the compliance of products with organic requirements will be prepared (at least 2 farms).

Honey studies for the presence of pollutants will be conducted from apiaries located in different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan; an analysis of the presence of contaminants in honey samples, highlighting the most hazardous substances, will be prepared (at least 100 samples).

The effect of veterinary preparations (at least 5) on the contamination of honey with residual substances will be studied on the basis of laboratory analysis.

1 article will be published in journals recommended by the CQAES (KOKSNVO).

Research results obtained for 2025:

1. Development of a system for managing the gene pool and the rational use of bees in the agrobiocenoses of Kazakhstan, taking into account the use of plant-protection products:

The architecture of a software solution for the system of managing the gene pool and the rational use of bees in the agrobiocenoses of Kazakhstan, taking into account the use of plant-protection products, was substantiated; a "System Architecture" and "Functional Design" document with diagrams and details was prepared.

Proposals were developed for improving the regulatory legal framework in the beekeeping sphere of the Republic of Kazakhstan with regard to the protection of bees when using plant-protection products.

A production loop for preparing data for BLUP analysis was developed and implemented in the "Apislab" information system, and a conceptual three-level system architecture was created with a full specification of functions, user scenarios, and architectural solutions in accordance with ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011.

An internship was completed on the methodology for assessing the breeding value of queen bees using BLUP, following which a certificate of successful completion of the program was obtained.

2. Development of new selection-genetic technologies for the rational management and reproduction of bees' pedigree resources.

Sequencing and genotyping of 200 samples of local populations and zoned bee breeds by mtDNA and STR loci were carried out on the SeqStudio genetic analyzer.

Scientifically grounded selection programs were developed for local bee populations in six regions of Kazakhstan, including selection methods, crossing schemes, a system for monitoring economically useful traits, and measures to conserve genetic diversity.

Experimental groups were formed in six regions of Kazakhstan, and a comprehensive assessment of economically useful and morphometric traits was carried out, following which the leading farms were identified and target standard parameters were established for the Carpathian and Carniolan lines being formed.

A comprehensive bonitation of 140 bee colonies in 14 farms across six regions of Kazakhstan was carried out, with an assessment of morphological, productive, and ethological traits and the identification of the level of swarming, productivity, winter hardiness, and feed-consumption characteristics under various climatic conditions.

50 unfertilized daughter queens (F1) were selected and artificially inseminated with drone sperm from the "Kakalov" sole proprietorship farm and distributed among 11 farms in Kazakhstan, where, together with the founder queens (F0) and granddaughter queens, they underwent comparative testing for morphological and economically useful traits.

A study was conducted of the effect of various storage temperatures and medium compositions on the viability of Carnica spermatozoa, which demonstrated the advantage of storage at +3…+4 °C with antioxidants and gentamicin and the need to optimize cryopreservation.

Artificial insemination of 50 queens was performed in four experimental groups, which demonstrated maximum reproductive results when using sperm stored at +3…+4 °C in a buffer with an antibiotic and vitamin E.

3. Development of effective technologies for the biological pollination of open-ground and protected-ground agricultural crops by bees, in different natural-climatic zones of Kazakhstan, with a scientifically grounded calculation of the economic components.

Within the framework of this activity, comprehensive work was carried out jointly with the co-executors "Uralsk Agricultural Experiment Station" LLP and "East Kazakhstan Agricultural Experiment Station" LLP, including an analytical review of international experience in using honey bees in the pollination of entomophilous crops, the selection and study of modern bee-pollination agrotechnologies, and the setting up of large-scale field experiments in five regions of Kazakhstan (Akmola, West Kazakhstan, Kostanay, East Kazakhstan, and Almaty), where sowings of safflower, sunflower, oil flax, rapeseed, sainfoin, phacelia, and protected-ground tomatoes were carried out; monitoring of seedlings, plant development phases, and the condition of the sowings was performed; the regimes and timing for applying bioinsecticides from the Bionovatik plants and from Russia (lepidocide), ensuring the environmental safety of the technology, were determined; control of agroclimatic conditions was carried out, confirming a favorable temperature regime and sufficient soil moisture for the successful setting up of the experiment; and an experimental base was formed for further study of the effectiveness of pollination by cultivated bee breeds and for optimizing the use of plant-protection products under the conditions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In the course of the work, a scientific-practical assessment of the effectiveness of biological plant-protection products and organized bee pollination on entomophilous crops was carried out, which proved a significant increase in yield and profitability while preserving bee activity; a statistical analysis of the reliability of the gains was performed; and a functional cartographic solution was developed and implemented in the "Apislab" information system for exchanging data on chemical treatments between beekeepers and crop growers, with risk classification, integration infrastructure, and an administrative loop.

4. Development of technologies for improving the production efficiency and quality of beekeeping products on the basis of an organic standard.

An algorithm for the comprehensive assessment of the natural-ecological conditions of the Uyghur district for conducting organic beekeeping was developed and implemented; certification preparation of two base farms was carried out; laboratory studies of 103 honey samples for quality and contaminants were performed; and a package of regulatory documents was drawn up.

Based on the research results, 8 recommendations were prepared and published; 1 article was published in Scopus journals and 6 articles in journals recommended by the CQAES (KOKSNVO); 2 "Field Day" seminars and 1 seminar of the Forum of Beekeepers of Kazakhstan in the Zhambyl region, "The Beekeeping Profession — History and the Present Day," were held.

An information program for determining the breeding suitability of queen bees based on wing morphometric data was implemented.

Participants in carrying out the program:

Ulzhan Auezkhanovna Nuralieva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor, h-index — 3. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-2629

Kamshat Askarovna Temirbayeva, higher education, PhD, h-index — 3, Researcher ID: A-9821-2015, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-6810-5042, Scopus ID: 56538627900.

Gaukhar Abikenovna Moldakhmetova, Master of Agricultural Sciences, h-index — 3; Scopus ID 58514609000. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1860-4721

Gulim Galymkyzy Khalykova, Master of Agricultural Sciences. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3907-099X

Oleg Borisovich Krupskiy. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-0548

Anton Aleksandrovich Shkryl, Bachelor of Engineering and Technology. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0537-2062

Akbota Yesenalikyzy Taufikh, Master of Agricultural Sciences. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4115-4544

Kanat Ermekovich Mustafin. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8159-5263

Timur Olegovich Krupskiy. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4767-9407

Valentina Borisovna Limanskaya, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-6471

A.T. Orynbaev, Candidate of Biological Sciences. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-4015

Abzal Dauletchinovich Zhumagaliev. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1432-8723

S.M. Seilgazina, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7108-3902

M. Zhanibekkyzy, master's student in Biological Sciences. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5817-5157

Igor Ivanovich Rukavitsyn, specialist.

Valentina Petrovna Barzilovskaya, beekeeper-analyst.

List of publications for 2025:

Note: the bibliographic entries are retained in their original form because they identify specific publications.

Seasonal Variation in Nutritional, Physicochemical, and Mineral Composition of Honeybee Pollen in Southern Kazakhstan. Agriculture MDPI. Moldakhmetova G., Torekhanov A, Tajiyeva A, Nuraliyeva U., Krupsky O., Halykova G., Myrzabayeva N, Toishimanov M. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15181922 2025, 15.

Определение породной принадлежности медоносных пчел в одном из хозяйств на Юге Казахстана. Нуралиева У.А., Халыкова Г.Ғ., Шералиева Ж.Е., Молдахметова Г.А., Шкрыль А.А. https://ojs.wkau.kz/index.php/gbj/issue/view/110/318

Биологиялық, морфологиялық және шаруашылыққа пайдалы белгілер кешені бойынша ара колонияларының жергілікті популяциясын бағалау. Нуралиева У.А., Халыкова Г.Ғ., Шералиева Ж.Е., Молдахметова Г.А. https://nauka.wkau.kz/index.php/gbj/article/view/2432/1359

Повышение семенной продуктивности энтомофильных культур путем привлечения пчел-опылителей на Западе Казахстана. Лиманская В.Б., Орынбаев А.Т, Нуралиева У.А., Крупский О.Б., Досмухамбетов Р.К. https://ojs.wkau.kz/index.php/gbj/issue/view/110/318

EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL HONEY COLLECTED IN VARIOUS REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN. Moldakhmetova G., Toishimanov M., Nuraliyeva U., Khalykova G., Shkryl A. DOI 10.52578/2305-9397-2025-3-44-52.

Эффективность внедрения приемов пчелоопыления на семеноводческих посевах энтомофильных культур в Восточно-Казахстанской области. Сейлгазина С.М., Жәнібекқызы М., Жумагалиев А.Д., Сейлханов С.К., Сағатбеков А.Б. DOI 10.52578/2305-9397-2025-3-5-189-198.

Изучение генетической структуры популяций медоносной пчелы (Apis mellifera l.) Казахстана. Кожахмет А., Нуралиева У.А., Крупский О.Б., Тореханов М.А., Досыбаев К.Ж., Амандыкова М.Д. DOI 10.52578/2305-9397-2025-3-5-116-127.

The local honey bee population of kazakhstan. ways to preserve them. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS "THE BEE AND MAN: Russia and friendly countries." Russia, Moscow, 2025. Nuraliyeva U., Krupsky O., Moldakhmetova G., Halykova G.

Population genetic studies of Apis mellifera L. Kazakhstan using STR markers. 49th FEBS Congress "Bridging Continents to Advance Life Science." 5-9 July 2025, Istanbul, Turkey. Abstract notation: P-47-003. Tapelov A., Nuraliyeva U., Moldakhmetova G., Krupsky O., Dossybayev K., Kapassuly T., Kozhakhmet A., Torekhanov M., Bekmanov B.